Piping is a primary component of nuclear power plant infrastructure, acting as the channels through which fluids necessary for the production and management of nuclear energy can be transferred. Some of these pipes are buried and require certain considerations to prevent the leakage of nuclear waste into the surrounding environment. Essential to the functioning of these pipes are valves and fittings, which control the flow of these liquids and gases and help prevent nuclear disasters. The materials transported through pipes at nuclear power plants include cooling water and diesel, among others. Cooling water is generally taken from a nearby body of water and, after being used to lower the elevated temperature of nuclear fuel and generate steam to spin the primary electricity-generating turbines, leftover water is returned back to that original host water with harmless natural amounts of radiation.